Dry Eye: Know it Before You Can Prevent It

Dry Eye Disease

     Dry eye disease occurs when the body does not produce enough tears to lubricate and protect the eyes, leading to irritation, redness, and sensitivity to light. These symptoms can affect vision and daily activities.

Causes of Dry Eye Disease

     Tears normally consist of water, oil, and mucus to smooth the eye's surface and protect it from infection. However, if there are insufficient tears or poor-quality tears, it can lead to dry eyes. This can result from several causes, such as:

• Degeneration of the meibomian glands, which are located in the eyelids and produce the oils in tears.
• Hormonal imbalances in the body, especially in women, can reduce tear quality.
• Wearing contact lenses.
• Eye allergies may be caused by dust, smoke, or pollution.
• Daily activities, such as staring at a computer or smartphone screen for extended periods.
• Certain medications, such as birth control pills, antihistamines, antidepressants, and some blood pressure medications.

The Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease

Symptoms typically affect both eyes and include:

• Irritation, burning, or itching in the eyes.
• Mucus in or around the eyes.
• Sensitivity to light.
• Red eyes, especially when exposed to wind or smoke.
• A sensation of something in the eye, such as an eyelash or dust.
• Difficulty or pain when wearing contact lenses.
• Blurry vision or eye fatigue, particularly when reading or using the eyes for extended periods.

Eye Dry Prevention

Dry eye symptoms can be prevented with the following measures:

• Avoid direct exposure of the eyes to wind, such as using a hair dryer or sitting near a fan.
• If in air-conditioned rooms for long periods or in arid environments, increase humidity using a humidifier.
• Wear glasses or other protective devices to shield the eyes from wind and dry air.
• Take regular breaks while reading or doing tasks that require prolonged use of the eyes. Close your eyes for 2-3 minutes or blink frequently to spread tears evenly across the surface of the eyes.
• Position the computer screen lower than eye level to reduce eye-opening and decrease tear evaporation.

Dry Eye Treatment

Treatment options for dry eyes include:

• Using artificial tears to lubricate the eyes.
• Using steroid eye drops to reduce inflammation of the cornea or conjunctiva and relieve itching and irritation. These should only be used under a doctor's supervision for short periods.
• Cleaning the eyelids with special solutions to remove germs or debris around the eyelid area.
• Apply warm compresses (41-43°C) to the eyes regularly in the morning and evening.
• Adjusting lifestyle habits, such as reducing screen time and taking regular eye breaks.

Dry Eye Disease occurs when the body does not produce enough tears to lubricate and protect the eyes, leading to irritation, redness, and light sensitivity. It can affect vision and daily life. If symptoms occur, it is important to consult an ophthalmologist.

Last updated:

10/03/2022