Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Prevention and Proper Care

 

 

 

     Many individuals with diabetes are well aware that ‘diabetic foot’ is a serious complication of the disease that requires constant vigilance. However, when a wound does occur, many may wonder how to care for it properly to prevent further deterioration. In reality, diabetic wounds can be managed effectively by paying close attention to wound care and addressing the root cause of the problem.

 

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     Additionally, educating oneself about diabetic wounds and strictly adhering to medical advice can help reduce the risk of complications, such as the need for toe or limb amputation. Proper care ensures a better quality of life and minimizes health risks.

 

7 Warning Signs of Diabetic Foot

• Numbness or Tingling in the Feet Sensations start from the toes and gradually extend to the top of the feet or legs, often affecting both feet simultaneously.
• Sharp, Needle-like Pain or Electric Shock Sensations Pain may occur in one or both feet.
• Burning or Warm Sensations Affected areas, such as the fingertips or toes, may feel unusually warm compared to the rest of the body.
• Skin Discoloration The toes or fingertips may appear darker or paler than usual.
• Dry, Itchy, or Cracked Skin Nails may become thicker or brittle.
• Formation of Calluses or Corns Hard, thickened skin may develop.
• Changes in Foot Shape Bony protrusions or deformities may appear.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Caring For Diabetic Foot Ulcer

     Proper care of diabetic foot is not as difficult as it may seem. Patients can manage their condition effectively by following these key practices:

 

1. Blood Sugar Control

• Maintain stable blood sugar levels by avoiding excessive food consumption in a single meal.
• Keep body weight within a healthy range and regularly monitor blood pressure.

 

2. Adopting a Healthy Diet

• Limit the intake of simple carbohydrates, sugary foods, sweets, and sugary beverages.
• Consume complex carbohydrates rich in fiber, such as whole grains and unrefined starches.
• Reduce alcohol intake, as it can lead to elevated blood sugar levels.

 

3. Proper Wound Cleaning

• Keep the wound free from infection by washing it with soap, warm water, or saline solution 2-4 times daily.
• Ensure the wound is completely dry before applying the prescribed antibiotic ointment and covering it with sterile gauze.

 

Note: Avoid using alcohol to clean wounds, as it can damage tissue proteins and worsen the wound condition.

 

4. Foot Care

• Regularly inspect the feet, especially between the toes.
• Wash and dry the feet thoroughly, then apply lotion to keep the skin soft.
• Avoid applying lotion between the toes, as excessive moisture can lead to fungal infections.

 

 

 

 

5. Choosing the Right Footwear

• Wear low-heeled shoes made of flexible, breathable, and lightweight materials.
• Opt for shoes that provide full foot coverage and have non-slip soles to prevent accidents.

 

Note: Avoid flip-flops or thong sandals, as they may cause friction injuries between the toes.

 

 

 

 

 

6. Regular Exercise

• Exercise helps lower blood sugar and cholesterol levels.
• Patients should engage in activities that do not put excessive pressure on the feet, focusing instead on exercises involving the upper body.

 

7. Taking Medications as Prescribed

• Follow the doctor’s instructions precisely without adjusting medication dosage based on personal judgment.
• Avoid self-medicating or purchasing over-the-counter drugs without consulting a physician.

 

8. Regular Medical Check-Ups

• Attend all scheduled appointments, even if symptoms appear to improve.
• If any new wounds or abnormalities develop on the hands or feet, seek immediate medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment.

 

Early Detection and Prevention of Diabetic Wounds

     Being aware of the early warning signs of diabetic wounds allows for timely intervention, preventing further complications. However, understanding the causes and potential risks of diabetic wounds is crucial before symptoms even arise. By taking preventive measures and staying informed, individuals with diabetes can effectively manage their health and minimize the risks associated with diabetic wounds.