Guidelines on the Risks and Postoperative Care for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

     Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) is an effective treatment for individuals suffering from sinus infections due to blocked sinus cavities. This procedure uses a special camera and instruments to widen the sinus passages, improving airflow and drainage. However, like any surgery, ESS carries certain risks, and proper postoperative care is essential for a smooth recovery.

Risks of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

While ESS is a safe and effective procedure, there are some potential risks, including:

1. Bleeding

• The surgery may cause minor bleeding from the nasal passages, which usually stops on its own.
• In some cases, excessive bleeding may occur, requiring medical attention.

2. Injury to Nearby Tissue

The sinus cavities are located near the eyes and the base of the brain. If damage occurs, complications can include:

• Bruising or bleeding around the eyes, which typically resolves on its own.
• Temporary vision disturbances, which are extremely rare.
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, a rare condition that requires immediate treatment.

3. Infection

     Although the surgery is intended to reduce sinus infections, there is still a risk of infection after surgery, which may require the use of antibiotics.

4. Temporary Loss of Smell

     Due to the use of nasal packing after surgery, some patients may experience a temporary loss of smell. However, this usually resolves once the packing is removed and healing progresses.

Postoperative Care for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

1. Nasal Care

• Use saline nasal spray regularly as instructed by your doctor to clear mucus and debris.
• Avoid blowing your nose forcefully during the first 1-2 weeks, as this could open the surgical site and cause bleeding.
• Do not pick your nose or insert foreign objects into your nose.

2. Preventing Bleeding

• Keep your head elevated while sleeping (e.g., use two pillows) for the first 1-2 nights.
• Avoid bending your head low or lifting heavy objects.
• Do not take blood-thinning medications (e.g., aspirin or anticoagulants) unless approved by your doctor

3. Preventing Infection

• Take antibiotics as prescribed and complete the full course.
• Avoid dust, smoke, or high-pollution environments to prevent irritation or infection.

4. Recovery and Follow-Up

• Avoid heavy exercise or activities that could increase pressure in your nose, such as diving or air travel, during the first 3-4 weeks.
• Attend follow-up appointments to monitor healing and recovery progress.

When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention

Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following symptoms after surgery:

• Excessive nasal bleeding that does not stop.
• Severe headache or neck stiffness.
• Swelling or redness around the eyes, or vision disturbances.
• Clear, watery discharge from the nose that is not blood.
• High fever or signs of infection.

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is a safe and effective treatment when performed by experienced specialists. Following your doctor’s instructions carefully can minimize risks and ensure a smooth recovery. If you have any concerns, consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.