'Chocolate cyst' Another Name of Endometriosis

     Endometriosis, commonly known as 'Chocolate Cyst', is a frequent condition found in women of reproductive age, typically between 25-35 years old. The disease occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterine cavity, such as in the uterine muscle (adenomyosis), ovaries, pelvic area, or large intestine. In some cases, it can spread to the skin, lungs, and other organs. Factors that increase the risk include starting menstruation at a young age and having shorter-than-normal menstrual cycles.

Symptoms of Endometriosis or Chocolate Cyst

Symptoms can vary widely, ranging from no symptoms at all to severe pain. This condition can impact academic performance, work efficiency, fertility, and daily life. Common symptoms include:

• Menstrual cramps (Dysmenorrhea)
• Chronic pelvic pain
• Pain during intercourse
• Infertility issues
• Irregular menstruation
• Ovarian cysts (Chocolate Cyst)
• Blood in urine or stool during the menstrual cycle

Causes of Endometriosis or Chocolate Cyst

     Currently, the exact cause of endometriosis or chocolate cysts is not fully understood. However, theories suggest it is caused by retrograde menstruation, where menstrual blood flows back through the fallopian tubes into the pelvic cavity. This allows endometrial cells to attach and grow in various locations outside the uterus, leading to abnormal symptoms.

Diagnosis of Endometriosis

     Physicians will review medical history, perform a physical exam, a pelvic exam, and an ultrasound to aid in diagnosis. Additionally, diagnostic laparoscopy and biopsy for pathological examination are considered the gold standard for diagnosis and can determine the severity of the disease. The doctor will provide guidance on whether this procedure is necessary and appropriate for each patient.

Treatment for Endometriosis or Chocolate Cyst

     Physicians consider several factors before treatment, including the patient's age, marital status, desire for children, the severity of the disease, and previous treatment history. Treatment may involve medication, surgery, or a combination of both. You can consult with an obstetrician-gynecologist for appropriate advice and treatment.

Factors that increase the risk of endometriosis include starting menstruation at a young age and having shorter-than-normal menstrual cycles.