Coronary Angiography (CAG): Check first to stay away from diseases

     Sometimes referred to as a "heart catheterization" or "coronary angiography," this procedure is often used as a final diagnostic test when doctors suspect a patient may have coronary artery disease based on other tests, such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, or treadmill stress test.

Coronary Angiography (CAG)

     Coronary Angiography (CAG) is a diagnostic radiology procedure that involves inserting a small catheter through the blood vessels, typically via the wrist or groin, into the heart. A contrast dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to provide detailed images of the heart muscle, heart valves, and blood flow, allowing doctors to pinpoint any blockages or narrowing of the arteries with great accuracy.

When Should Coronary Angiography Be Performed?

Typically, doctors recommend coronary angiography for several purposes, including:

• To investigate the cause of chest pain and other symptoms suspected to be related to coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, or other heart conditions.
• To prepare for treatment using balloon angioplasty, stenting, or other procedures tailored to the individual patient's needs.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

     According to the World Health Organization (WHO), heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, with an average of at least 8 people dying every hour due to heart-related conditions. Among these, coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major contributor. CAD occurs when the coronary arteries become hardened, narrowed, or clogged with plaque, which reduces blood flow to the heart, leading to ischemic heart disease and other complications.

Symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease

Symptoms that may indicate coronary artery disease include:

• Chest pain or tightness, which may radiate to the jaw or left arm.
• Shortness of breath, sweating, and palpitations.
• In patients with diabetes, symptoms may include numbness in the extremities, fatigue, and difficulty breathing.

Steps Involved in Coronary Angiography

• Preparation The patient is given a local anesthetic before a small catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in the wrist or groin.
• Dye Injection The doctor injects an iodine-based contrast dye into the coronary arteries while monitoring blood flow on an X-ray screen.
• Duration The procedure typically takes 30-50 minutes and is performed in a sterile environment (Cath Lab) using high-quality imaging technology.

The Procedure

• Fasting Avoid eating or drinking for at least 4-6 hours before the procedure.
• Medications Stop taking blood-thinning medications as advised by your doctor.
• Kidney Function Your doctor may check your kidney function before performing the angiogram to ensure it's safe to use the contrast dye.
• Medical History Inform your doctor about any pre-existing conditions or allergies you have.

Post-Procedure Recommendations

• Pressure on the Insertion Site The doctor or nurse will apply pressure to the insertion site (groin or wrist) for about 15 minutes to stop any bleeding.
• Rest You may need to lie flat for a while after the procedure, especially if the catheter was inserted through the groin.
• Bruising Mild bruising around the insertion site may occur but will fade in 2-3 days.
• Allergic Reactions If you experience any allergic reactions to the contrast dye, contact your doctor immediately.
• Activity Restrictions Avoid heavy lifting and sexual activity for at least one week after the procedure.

Because We Care for Your Heart Every Beat

     The Heart Center at Ramkhamhaeng Hospital has been providing heart health care for decades, under the supervision of specialized cardiologists and with the support of advanced medical technology. We aim to give you peace of mind and the highest level of care, available 24 hours a day.