Understanding Epilepsy and Brain Activity

 

 

 

     Accidents associated with “Epilepsy” are events no one wants to encounter. This condition can happen to anyone at any time when the brain's communication system malfunctions momentarily. Often, "lack of knowledge" leads to immeasurable loss. However, I always believe that "Preparation is the best defense." If those close to the patient correctly understand the disease, recognize warning signs, and know how to respond calmly, we can not only reduce the chance of accidents but also ease the patient's anxiety, allowing them to live a quality life again.

 

 

I would like to share my care through knowledge about epilepsy, so that every family can work together to prevent unexpected incidents.

 

 

Causes of Epilepsy

1. Epilepsy is caused by “abnormal electrical activity in the brain.”

     There may be spots where the brain's electricity shorts out. Simply put, this causes seizures which can manifest in various ways. Some patients only appear to stare blankly or blink rapidly while losing awareness of their surroundings, or they may have slight lip-smacking movements. Meanwhile, others remain conscious but cannot control the rhythmic twitching or shaking that occurs.

 

2. Some may walk aimlessly, speak repetitively, or appear confused.

     Others may experience severe drooling. Many call this “fits” in cases involving muscle stiffness, full-body convulsions, and loss of consciousness. In some instances, it may manifest as a sudden blackout and fall.

 

3. There are many causes for seizures.

     Seizures can stem from brain-related factors, such as congenital brain disabilities or genetic conditions with a family history of seizures. Some cases involve brain tumors, previous brain hemorrhages, or scarring due to abnormal brain development. Infections, such as encephalitis or brain abscesses, can also be the cause.

 

 

 

 

 

4. Parasites in the brain can also trigger seizures.

     In some cases where there is no direct structural brain abnormality, electrical short circuits still occur. These can be triggered by factors such as stress, extreme exhaustion, or lack of sleep for several consecutive nights. Additionally, stimulants, narcotics, alcohol, or certain medications that stimulate the nervous system can also provoke seizures.

 

 

The danger of a seizure is that the patient loses control and consciousness.

     The primary danger is the lack of self-control, leading to secondary accidents. For example, if a seizure occurs while the patient is at a height, they may fall. If it happens while swimming, they could drown. Holding hot objects, sharp tools, or operating a vehicle while a seizure occurs can lead to serious injury or life-threatening accidents.

 

Medical Technology for Diagnosis and Treatment

     To identify the root cause of seizures for effective treatment, "Dr. Sutida" clarifies that a thorough medical history and physical examination are required to determine if the cause is structural. Furthermore, blood tests, Electroencephalograms (EEG) to detect abnormal brain waves, and brain imaging such as CT Scans or MRI Scans may be necessary.

 

 

In some cases, a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) may be required. Regarding treatment, if a clear cause is found—such as a brain tumor or abscess—the patient may require surgery.

 

 

Preventing Epilepsy

For most, managing seizures starts simply with self-care:

 

• Avoid excessive stress or overexertion; keep your body healthy.
• Get sufficient rest and eat nutritious food.
• Exercise regularly.
• Avoid stimulants, narcotics, and alcoholic beverages, as these are major seizure triggers.

 

 

 

 

'Do Not Stop Medication Yourself' is the primary medical warning.

     For those diagnosed with epilepsy, continuous medication is vital. You must not stop taking medication on your own because seizures can occur without warning, potentially leading to dangerous complications.

 

Final Word from the Doctor

     The doctor emphasizes that each seizure can cause damage or injury to brain cells. In cases of frequent, repeated seizures, long-term consequences include memory decline and behavioral changes, which can eventually lead to dementia. This is a significant concern, which is why Dr. Sutida provides advice for caregivers.

 

First Aid is Essential

     It is crucial to learn proper first aid. NEVER use hard objects—such as sticks, chopsticks, or spoons—to pry the mouth open to prevent tongue biting. This can cause severe injury to the tongue or face. Another precaution is preventing choking; if a seizure occurs while there is food in the mouth, turn the patient on their side. Most seizures stop naturally within 1-2 minutes. However, if a seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes, seek emergency medical attention immediately.

 

 

Avoid risk factors that trigger seizures. For those requiring medical treatment, take medication consistently and remain under a doctor's supervision.